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Thread: Memorial Pictures of Zhou Enlai

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[quote=SANYACHINA,39536]When Chiang's troops were on the outskirts of Shanghai in March 1927, Zhou organized the workers' seizure of that city for the Nationalists. But Chiang soon afterward purged his former communist allies, and Zhou barely escaped with his life to Wuhan, the new centre of communist power, where the CCP was still working closely with the left-wing branch of the Nationalist Party. There, in April 1927, during the party's Fifth National Congress, Zhou was elected to the CCP Central Committee and to its Politburo.

Following the left-Nationalist split with the communists, Zhou took a major role in organizing the communist insurrection known as the Nanchang Uprising (August 1927). Upon the Nationalists' recapture of the city of Nanchang, Zhou retreated to eastern Guangdong province and then escaped to Shanghai via Hong Kong.

Zhou was confirmed in his party leadership posts during a visit to Moscow in 1928 for the Sixth National Congress of the CCP, after which he returned to China to help rebuild the battered CCP organization. In the late 1920s the CCP centre, operating underground in Shanghai, continued to stress urban uprisings, but communist attempts to seize major cities failed repeatedly, with great losses. Zhou left Shanghai in 1931 for Jiangxi province, where Zhu De and Mao Zedong had been developing communist rural bases (soviets) since 1928. In 1932 the party centre, under increasingly heavy police pressure in Shanghai, also moved to Jiangxi, and Zhou succeeded Mao as the political commissar of the Red Army, which was commanded by Zhu De.

Although Zhou initially allied himself with the CCP leaders who wrested control of policy making in the Jiangxi soviet from Mao's hands, the two men eventually entered into a close association that would last unbroken until Zhou's death. Chiang Kai-shek's campaigns finally forced the communists to retreat from Jiangxi and other soviet areas in south-central China in October 1934 and begin the Long March to a new base in northern China. Mao gained control of the party apparatus during the Long March; he also took over Zhou's directorship of the Central Committee's military department. Zhou thenceforth faithfully supported Mao's leadership in the party.

The Long March ended in October 1935 at Yen'an in northern Shaanxi province, and, with the securing of the communists' base there, Zhou became the party's chief negotiator and was set to the difficult task of forming a tactical alliance with the Nationalists. hou.[/quote]

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