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Thread: National Defense in Cyberspace-WAR OF THE FUTURE

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[quote=BITTERSWEET,359283]Various Russian Internet forums also posted instructions on how individual users could express virtual displeasure with the Estonian decision. The forums provided descriptions in Russian of how to flood Estonian Web sites and servers with test signals -- instructions for a classic denial-of-service attack.

The instructions produced the desired effect, as the volume of data traffic rose dramatically on Estonian networks. Experts with the Estonia Computer Emergency Response Team detected orchestrated attacks on individual targets coming from more than one million computers. The attacks emanated from so-called "botnets," or linked computers that have been infected with malicious software and can thus be used for criminal purposes, unbeknownst to their owners, whenever the owners are online.

The consequences were devastating. The Estonian parliament had to shut down its e-mail system for half a day. Internet providers temporarily cut off their customers' connections, and several Estonian banks were unreachable online for an extended period of time.

After that, one Estonian network provider counted a total of 128 attacks, including 36 on the websites of the government and parliament, 35 on the Estonian police and another 35 on the finance ministry.

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